III. Drug-Dependence Prevention and Treatment Work

(1) Macao Social Welfare Institute - Department for Prevention and Treatment of Drug Dependence

        Department for Prevention and Treatment of Drug Dependence of the Macao Social Welfare Institute under the government of Macao Special Administrative Region is responsible for planning and execution work relating to the prevention and treatment of drug dependence in an all-round way. The general tasks are undertaken as follows: Carrying out preventive education and publicity work; providing directly services of drug treatment and rehabilitation work; collecting and analyzing important materials and data in the area of drug dependence; conducting related studies and participating in regional and international cooperation.

        In 2002, Macao Social Welfare Institute made substantial achievements on the prevention and treatment of drug dependence work. In prevention aspect, successfully introduce the program of "Clearing the Smoke - the Quest for the Truth about Cigarettes", and has officially promoted to the entire middle schools in Macao, which strengthened in the propaganda and the education work to prevent students smoke. Moreover, the program of Healthy Life Education was developed satisfactorily with participation of about 50% primary schools. In the year, has employed one more educator and the scheme of building a new center was put into effect. The new center estimated will be completed in the second half year of 2003, greatly will increase the numbers of students to attend the program. With regard to drug treatment and rehabilitation service, there was a major consolidation of both human resources and facilities, more medical staff were recruited and Complex Drug Treatment Center was set up. The new center provides impatient detoxification unit, outpatient treatment clinic and recreation unit that creates better conditions to improve and expand drug treatment and rehabilitation service in Macao.

        In the same year, Macao Social Welfare Institute has done many investigation and study work, including "The Investigation and Study on Junior College Student and Drugs in Macao" conducted by "University of Macao - Educational Research Center Faculty of Education"; "Street Youngsters and Drugs Situation Investigation" conducted by "Sheng Kung Hui North District Youth Development Centre" and "Assessment of Drugs Abuse in Treatment and Rehabilitation Research in Macao" conducted by "The Research Committee of Hong Kong Society for the Aid and Rehabilitation of Drug Abusers"(SARDA). Three researches complete in the first half year of 2003, when anti-drugs prevention and treatment work in Macao will be evaluated and planned in a more all-round way. Moreover, Department for Prevention and Treatment of Drug Dependence maintains close communication and relation with local officials and Non-Government Organizations, with regular meetings for work exchange, continues to cooperate the publication of the annual report and jointly carries out many anti-drug propaganda activities. Anti- drug cooperation mechanism between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao operate smoothly In the year Macao Social Welfare Institute held many times work meeting with Narcotics Division of Hong Kong and Office of Guangdong Narcotics Control Commission, simultaneously continues mutually support, held a series of large-scale propaganda activities in responding "International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking". Summarizes the internal and external exchange and cooperation progress of Macao's anti-drug action, has firmly certain achievement.

        Prevention of Drug Abuse Division and Treatment and Social Rehabilitation of Drug Dependence Division under the Department for Prevention and Treatment of Drug Dependence are responsible for overall implementation of the prevention and treatment work.

(1) Prevention of Drug Abuse Division

        Anti-drug preventive education and publicity penetrate mainly in schools, communities and families with different kinds of prevention activities, to promote education to different social stratum public figure in the community. Simultaneously, strengthens the drug abuse issue constantly before the public and making constantly known to people the harmful effects of drug abuse. Including provides "Healthy Life Education Program" to 5-12 year-old schoolchild; "Clearing the Smoke - the Quest for the Truth about Cigarettes" to first year junior middle school students; various type of Drug Education Talks; Training Program and Anti-Drug Abuse Hotline and Reception Services and so on. In the year 2002, has conducted many large-scale anti-narcotic activities, such as "International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking" series activities; "Award Planning of Youth Anti-Drug Activity" and "Drug Wise Training Camp", etc. In addition, disseminate anti-narcotics information and spread anti- drug messages to the general public through mass media and promotion materials. At the same time, impels Non-government Organizations participate and conduct anti-drug activities, by hand in hand altogether constructs a drug-free community.

1. Healthy Life Education Program

        The Healthy Life Education Program is an internationally recognized program of health awareness and drug education curriculum. In September, 2000 starts promote in Macao. The service target is 5-12 year-old schoolchild, aimed at enhancing primary students' awareness of both the advantages of a healthy lifestyle and the dangers of drugs and other substances abuse. The program is both informative and heuristic which is designed according to the development of children's mental and social abilities. Consequently inspire children to know the structure of the body and how drugs affect it. With a step by step approach, care about health and life appreciation and respect.

Teaching Situation in 2002

        Since September 2000, the program expanded continually with effectiveness achievement. In 2002 , the curriculum has spread to 28 primary schools, serves altogether 9,940 primary students, approximately 1/5 of the total primary students in Macao. 345 teachers participated in the curriculum together with the students and through teacher's observation and response, students were extremely enthusiastic despite it was the first time or second time in class, definitely the program confirmed the welcome degree in schools of Macao.

        In order to encourage the schools to participate, tutors of the Healthy Life Education provides the curriculum promotion and the introduction to headmasters and teachers. Altogether 2 times of promoting activities were held in 2002. 28 teachers from 16 schools participated and mainly understood the significance of the program and visit the Healthy Life Education classroom.

        In addition, the program aroused attention and recognition of mass organizations in the community. During summer vacation in 2002, partial associations took the initiative to organize children attend the program; three class activities were held with the participation of 71 children aged between 8-12. Considering the student's age difference, tutors specially designed individual curriculum to the students with the contents of knowing the structure of the body, the adverse effect of smoking and practical refuse skills. Through these extra class activities, provided opportunities to some students which the school has not participated in this program.

2. Program on "Clearing the Smoke - the Quest for the Truth about Cigarettes"    

        As the tendency of young people smoke is growing. In order to effectively prevents the young people to smoke and strengthens prevention smoking education. In 2002, develops one program named "Clearing the Smoke - the Quest for the Truth about Cigarettes". This program is base on the foundation of Healthy Life Education Program to improve knowledge and skills of prevention smoking education. The program was designed for the first year of junior high school students and a new pattern of interactive teaching was adopted by discussing the smoking-related issues with students in order to reduce students smoking effectively. Class activities were presented to make use of multi-media overhead projectors and computers to project carton in school classroom. Besides introduction related smoke knowledge and influence, also discusses the causes of youth smoking and ways to deal with this issue.

        Before the program was officially launched in November 2002, 4 middle schools were invited to participate in the pilot scheme. Schools appointment was made one after another after the program promotion conference. From October to December 2002, approximately 1,500 first year middle school students of 6 schools had attended class activities. Concluded from the questionnaires filled in by the students after class participation, occupies 90% students express the curriculum was of benefit to them, the major reasons according to sequence were to let them clearly recognize the harmful of smoking, understand the smoking-related knowledge and knowing how to refuse. The questionnaires filled in by teachers showed that they believed the contents and the forms of the curriculum suit the student's age and could raise students' awareness of smoking and clear up their misunderstanding. With these positive responses and support, the program of "Clearing the Smoke" can be popularized continuously.

3.Anti-Drug Talks and Training Courses

        In 2002, 30 anti-drug talks were held with the participation of altogether 7,520 students from 21 primary and secondary schools. In regard to the community, 22 talks were offered to non-government organizations with the participation of 763 youngsters and parents. In the same year, training courses and talks were also organized for professionals with 168 participants, including teachers, policeman and youth workers.

4. Activities on the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

        In respond to the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking on June 26, the Macao Social Welfare Institute held a series of large-scale anti-drug activities to heighten public awareness of the drug problem and to encourage people to jointly action against drug. In 2002, the Macao Social Welfare Institute joined with several relevant governmental and non-governmental institutions in carrying out several large-scale anti-drug activities, which included "Natural High Party", "Exercise for Health and Anti-Drug Day", "Anti-Drug Exhibition and Stall Games". The situation regarding the aforementioned activities is introduced briefly as follows:

  Natural High Party

        "Natural High Party" is an activity jointly sponsored by the Macao Social Welfare Institute and the Education and Youth Affairs Bureau, and assisted by Civil and Municipal Affairs Bureau. The activity was produced by Macao Broadcasting and TV Ltd. Company and held in Forum I on June 22. By appeal of healthy popular singers and special set up dancing area to aroused young people to understand without taking any drugs, also have the effect of happy and cheerfulness. That night gathered both Hong Kong and Macao singers, including Alex Fong Lik Sun, Denise Ho, Shine, C-Plus , Tou Chon Wai, and June Sun. All exerted their efforts in performance and called on about 3,000 young people to stay away from drugs, to cherish their life and to live a healthy life. The party was going on in a lively atmosphere and came to an end successfully after youngsters' brilliant dancing.

  Exercise for Health and Anti-Drug Day

        Exercise for Health and Anti-Drug Day jointly sponsored by the Macao Social Welfare Institute and the Macao Sports Development Board, which was held on June 23 at Tashi ground. It was an activity that publicized a healthy life and fight against drug disaster through sport. Besides ball match, small-scale anti-drug exercises of different types were organized. Most of the participants were family based and about 2,000 people attended the activity under warm and happy atmosphere.

  Anti-Drug Exhibition and Stall Games

        The Macao Social Welfare Institute sponsored a dozen or so governmental and non-governmental institutions to organize an activity with the "Construction of Drug-Free Community" as its theme. It was held in front of the counsel pavilion on June 26 - the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. To further enhanced awareness of residents towards drug control work and anti-drug sense through pictures exhibition and stall activities, thereby to strengthen the anti-drug preventive education work.

5. Development of diversified anti-drug activities

        In recent years, the social from all walks of life concern and attach special to the drug issue and youngsters' drug abuse. In 2002, the Macao Social Welfare Institute constantly held anti-drug prevention activities jointly with governmental and non-governmental institutions; the large-scale activities included "No Smoking Walk Movement" and "Drug Wise Training Camp". On the other hand, two programs - "Award Planning of Youth Anti-Drug Activity" and "Anti-Drug Modern Drama" were developed to strengthen preventive education in community and to focus on youth with the development of diversified anti-drug activities.

  No-Smoking walk Movement

        Inline with the theme of "Tobacco free sports-play it clean" on May 31, 2002 - World No Tobacco Day and to arouse awareness of youth toward the harmful effect of smoking. The activity was jointly organized by the Health Bureau, the Macao Social Welfare Institute, Macao Sports Development Board, Environment Council of Macao SAR government, China Association of Students of Macao and Association of Scouts of Macao. It was held in the afternoon on May 26 with the participation of over 1,000 students and residents and warmly supported by residents aged old, middle and young. Messages of anti-smoking resolution to mass residents and youngsters were widely spread by practical action.

  Drug Wise Training Camp

        Macao Social Welfare Institute jointly organized Drug Wise Training Camp with the Youth Outreach and Drug Awareness Committee of the International Association of Lions Clubs District 303 Hong Kong & Macao and the Society for the Aid and Rehabilitation of Drug Abusers (SARDA) for the first time in March 2002. The camp has been organized in Hong Kong for many years with satisfactory results.

        The major targets of the Drug Wise Training Camp are middle school students. The program promoted drug education and instills social skills to young people on why and how to reject drugs. Through group training, talks and sub-group discussion enhance youngsters face up pressures and difficulties in life, avoid adverse effects and learn through practice the value of healthy life. 56 junior high school students from 3 schools in Macao and 20 youth volunteers from Hong Kong and Macao attended the training camp activity with fine results.

  Award Planning of Youth Anti-Drug Activity

        The plan was officially launched in October 2002 with the goal to bring along more young people to conduct and create various on activities anti-drug preventive and publicity education, and encouraging them to participate in and support anti-drug work. Many youth groups responded to the activity and the maximum financial support was MOP$20,000 for those that were chosen in it. The groups involved will carry out activities respectively at different stages in 2003 and the evaluation team of the Macao Social Welfare Institute will choose and give award to the best one among all.

  Anti-Drug Modern Drama

        Sponsored by the Macao Social Welfare Institute, Drug-Free Play-Writing and Performance Workshop was produced with the assistance of Drama Farm and launched in November 2002. The main theme of it was to prevent drug abuse among youth. 25 youngsters above age 16 participated in the workshop including students, teachers, social workers and drama workers; the duration of the workshop was two months (20 hours). The major purpose of the activity was to disseminate and publicize anti-drug prevention messages in the form of play writing and performance. At the same time, the participants could consider the harmful of drug abuse and build up positive value in the process of writing.

6. Anti-Drug Publicity Work of the Community

        The Macao Social Welfare Institute enhances residents' concern about the drug abuse issue and heightens their vigilance through publicity of exhibition, leaflet, poster, banners, souvenir, radio and TV advertisement. 15 anti-drug exhibitions were held respectively in schools and communities in 2002. In addition, as long vacations are usually the high risk period of drug abuse, the Macao Social Welfare Institute strengthens publicity promotion especially during summer vacation and at Christmas, short anti-drug messages in TV are broadcasted to call on youngsters to stand far away from drugs and to cherish their brilliant lives. Moreover, the Social Welfare Institute cooperated with the Judicial Police to print educational promotional posters at the end of the year and jointly promoted anti-drug preventing publicity education at recreational places and in communities.

7. Consultation Reception Services

        The Division of Prevention of Drug Abuse received a total of 55 hot line inquiry calls (781791) in 2002. Most of them inquired about issues concerning the prevention and treatment of drug dependence, the others were from clients and family members who sought help. Besides hot line inquiries, also provided consultation reception services. At the same year, 23 interviews provided to 32 people, in which 17 people (53.13%) were university students and college students. The rest were middle school students, social workers and other in - service people.

8. Providing financial support to non-governmental institutions to hold anti-drug activities

        The Division of Prevention of Drug Abuse of the Macao Social Welfare Institute provides financial support and technical assistance to non-governmental institutions in order to strengthen anti-drug prevention work of the community, including fixed financial support provided to Youth Community Center of YMCA and assistance to other social organizations for single activity.

        Youth Community Center of YMCA had 1,024 regular members in 2002, activities held including competition of four-square cartoon, anti-drug poster design, talks related to anti-drug knowledge, visit to drug treatment center, training of volunteers and exchanged with relevant organization in Hong Kong., a series of adventure base counseling workshop and camping activities, for increasing self-confidence and resisting adversity. These activities spread messages on anti-drug prevention. In addition, there were general services such as singing competition, drama training and presentation performance, open day of the center, emotional group, etc. The whole year exceeded 90 items with participation 6,471 person/times. Besides, the center has several functional rooms like multi-functional activity room, synthesis activity room, audio-video room (Karaoke), Band room, computer room, dancing room and meeting rooms, in regard of services facilities, 21,913 person/times used the various facilities of the center in whole year.

        In the same year, the division financed 3 non-governmental organizations to hole 10 activities and the subjects mainly focused on anti-drug prevention, anti-smoking and youngster'growth, the total amount of the financial support was MOP$80,180. In addition, the division also provided non-governmental organizations with souvenirs for running activities, including "Youth Pan 2002 - Green Shoots Village" organized by "Macao Bravery Group" and "Eliminating Crime and Prohibiting Drug Carnival" organized by "Activity Commission of Junior Police Call", etc.

9. Future prospects

        It will known to all that "Prevention is better than cure", but how to implement the prevention work? It is necessary for all parties to make joint efforts in carrying out the drug prevention work and it is particularly to combine government and non-government force. Hence, Division of Prevention of Drug Abuse will continue to spur non-governmental organizations to hold more drug preventive activities and sustainable develop youth companion education program. To attract more young people to join in the rank of anti-drug issues and mobilize parents to participate in prevention work in, so as to penetrate prevention messages broadly in families. On the other hand, it is expected that the planned "Healthy Life Education Center" and "Resources Center for Anti-Drug Education" will greatly strengthen the prevention work for children and further popularize preventive education and publicity work.

(2)Treatment and Social Rehabilitation for Drug Dependence Division

        Led by Treatment and Social Rehabilitation for Drug Dependence Division, a three pronged strategy was put into effect - treatment and rehabilitation service carried out by Complex drug treatment center; technical and financial support for non-governmental treatment centers; data collection and research to facilitate the planning of strategies and programs.

        In 2002, Treatment and Social Rehabilitation for Drug Dependence Division was progressing well on providing new services. Medical treatment service was enhanced, a protocol was signed with Health Bureau to provide various free physical checkup for drug addicts and co-workers; new facilities and approach were provided. Drug Treatment Complex Center (DTCC), which includes outpatient unit and short-term inpatient detoxification unit, was established. New medical staffs were recruited and trained. Both quality and quantity of outpatient services were enhanced, the number of new cases and followed cases increased continually; urine test was provided for cases under outpatient treatment or non-governmental treatment programs. Medical service was provided for non-governmental treatment centers. Apart from this, Treatment and Social Rehabilitation for Drug Dependence Division kept emphasis on the support of non-governmental treatment centers, financial support was adjusted. Budget for staffing was increased. On the other hands, technical supports aimed on financial management, training, and treatment programs were in progress.

1.Drug Treatment Complex Center

        The opening ceremony of Drug Treatment Comlex Center was held in October 2002. New services such as inpatient detoxification treatment, recreation facilities, free physical checkup etc., were included in this center in order to provide multi-model treatment programs for drug addicts. DTCC was setup as a supporting base for non-governmental treatment centers. Services like regular training courses for NGOs staffs, technical assistance, and financial support application can be applied in DTCC.

The major functions of DTCC are the followings:

1.1) Outpatient Clinic

        Outpatient clinic team is consisted of multi-professional staffs, including medical doctor, nurse, and social worker. It provides special treatment programs of each individual. Various services are provided, e.g. medical prescription, physical checkup, urine test of drug used, social work intervention, psychotherapy, family counseling, and referral, etc. According to the outpatient approach, medical control of withdrawal symptoms is the primary job for the first 14-21 days. Meanwhile, other medical treatment and social work intervention are also prepared for the recovering period. After the detoxification period, clients are mainly followed by social workers and regular urine test are required. Outpatient clinic also supports medical services for non-government treatment centers.

        In 2002, 295 voluntary clients were treated (See Chart 1), 99 were new cases, 174 were returnees and 22 were long-term followed cases. The total number of various service provided in 2002 is 9,783 (See chart 2). With compare to the number of previous year, the total number of admitted cases increased about 15.7%, new cases and long-term followed cases increased 59.7% and 37.5% respectively, the number of returnees was almost the same as the previous years. The total number of services provided increased 25.5%(See chart2).

Chart 1: Outpatient cases significantly increased compared with previous year. The total number of cases increased 15.7%, new cases and long-term followed cases increased 59.7% and 37.5% respectively, the number of returnees was almost the same as the previous year.

Chart 2: The total number of services increased 25.5% with compared to the previous year, Various services such as urine test, family-therapy, and free physical checkup provided in 2002 was the main reason for this increase

Chart3. In 2002, about 84% of the 2,751 tests were post-treatment or follow-up cases. This practice takes an important role for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment.

Chart 4. The percentage of positive result in pretreatment group was the highest, this means that most cases still took drugs before treatment. However, the positive percentage dropped to 16% after treatment or under followup program. The positive percentage in NGOs was relatively even lower, only 0.5% was recorded.

        Among the 2751 urine tests in 2002, follow up cases took 84%, within these follow-up tests, only 16% cases were found positive, therefore 84% of the followed cases were supposed to be abstinent.

Medical Diagnosis and Treatment

        After the June of 2002, DTCC began to provide free physical checkup for clients from outpatient clinic and NGOs treatment centers, checkup items include HIV, hepatitis B & C, syphilis, hemograms and urine test, tuberculosis and other biochemical tests. This practice is mainly for the control of infectious diseases among high risk group. Blood and urine samples were collected in DTCC, then sent to Health Bureau for analysis. Results were primary evaluated by DTCC doctors, further treatment would be arranged for those infected clients. This one-stop service helps collecting samples more effectively, and therefore provides more accuracy estimation of the epidemiology of various infectious diseases.>>>

        A referral system was setup for those infected cases and their family members, relevant treatment would be provided by different specialist in the hospital. From June to December of 2002, 145 tests were conducted, which included 100 cases and 37 co-workers. High hepatitis B&C infection rate merits attention. (See Chart 5)

Chart 5. In the second half of 2002, 108 test samples from 100 cases were collected, hepatitis B and C infection rates were high enough to catch our attention.

Psycho-social intervention

        Professional counseling aims on motivation enhancement and treatment goal setting was guided by social works. Assessment and treatment goals include 5 important aspects. 1)helping clients to realize their own realities, e.g. social relationship, 2) building up confidence for change, 3) elaborating their reasons for changes, 4) helping to develop positive alternative activities, 5) practicing possible techniques for relapse prevention. Other therapeutic treatments include job training, emotional control, normal life-skill, crisis intervention, etc. In 2002, provided Prycho-Social intervention 3,017 persons/times (see Chart 2).

Follow-up and Rehabilitation

        Successful treatment includes social and family re-integration, social workers in CDTC provide family guidance to assist family members to develop realistic attitude and techniques for the recovery process. Abstinent client who adopts the routine urine tests can apply subsidies from CDTC when they have financial difficulties. In 2002, 1884 family services were provided, About 30 clients per month received subsidies from DTCC.

1.2 Primary Detoxification Unit

        This unit provides short term inpatient detoxification treatment for drug addicts who are not suitable for outpatient treatment. Inpatient treatment usually lasts 14 days, both clonidine and buprenorphines therapies are provided. Application of inpatient detoxification should be arranged and transferred by outpatient clinic. Physical checkup is the primary procedure for the application.

        Ex-addicts are invited to join this program as co-worker, the Macau Renovation and Mutual assistance Association is responsible for this cooperation. Members of this association are planned to work in this unit. This practice helps ex-addicts to have working opportunities, and it also serves as training and practice course for anti-drug co-workers.

        31 clients were treated from September to the end of 2002. Clinical research of the treatment was carrying out, scientific data of the treatment during inpatient detoxification period are being collecting.

1.3 Recreation Unit

        Recreation unit is a supplemental facility for the primary detoxification unit and outpatient clinic, it's a place for those recovering cases. It includes reading area, exercise area, and activities area. Activities such as seminar, exhibition, training, games, KaraOK, etc. were held regularly. Other kind of activities for non-governmental treatment centers including table tennis competition, staff training programs are also held in the same place.

2. Technical and financial support for non-governmental treatment organization

        In 2002, 7 services provided by 4 non-governmental organizations were financially supported by Social Welfare Institute, these 4 NGOs are Macao Teen challenge, Association of Rehabilitation of Drug Abusers of Macao, Macao Christian New Life Fellowship and Macao Renovation and Mutual Assistance Association. These four organizations provide long term rehabilitation service¡Aoutreach work, and self-help group for drug addicts and ex-addicts. The total capacity of long term residential treatment is about 66 persons. Recipients of such services in 2002 were about 698 persons times The following chart shows the details.

        Compared to 2001, financial support for rehabilitation services provided by SWI was increased to improve service quality by importing new rehabilitation activities and professional co-workers. Employment of social worker by each organization was the big step for the improvement. The detail financial supports are briefly showed as follows:

The major technical supports provided in 2002 are summarized as below.

* Hardware:

        The original place for female center of Teen challenge was no longer available due to the A-Ma culture village project. New female center was planned to move and build beside the male center of Teen challenge. The construction was sponsored by Social Welfare Institute. Building was under construction at the late 2002.

* Professional Staffs:

        Teen challenge, ARTM, RMMAM were supported to recruit social workers.

* Equipment:

        Recreational equipment include musical and physical exercise equipment were supported, and fire safety system was installed or checked for all centers.

* Trainings:

        Health and Occupational safety seminars were held regularly for all NGOs.

* Others:

        One professional cleaning team organized by Renovation and Mutual Assistance Association (RMMAM) of Macao was supported by Social Welfare Institute, a car and numbers of tools and equipment were provided. Workers from DTRD and RMMAM were joined to participate the 35th anniversary celebration of Hong Kong Pui Hong Self-Help Association.

3. Special tasks and events

    * In order to effectively control spread of infections diseases among the drug-use related people, Memorandum of cooperation with Health Bureau was signed, regular body check was provided for drug addicts and co-workers.

   * 2 doctors and 5 nurses were employed in 2002 for DTCC.

   * In 2002, Treatment and Social Rehabilitation for Drug Dependence Division staffs visited Hong Kong for several times, visiting sites included Christian Zheng Sheng Association, Barnaas Charitable Service Association, Wong Yiu Nam Center, and Castle Peak Hospital.

   *The opening ceremony of Drug Treatment Complex Center was held on October 4, and presided by the General Secretary for Social Affairs and Culture, Dr. Chui Sai On. Other honorable guests presented included Mr. Ip Peng Kin, President of the Social Welfare Institute, Dr. Koi Kuok Ieng, Director of the Health Bureau, Mr. Wong Sio Chak, Director of Judicial Police, and Mr. Lee Kam Cheiong, Director of Macao Preison. Short-term residential detoxification service was officially provided.

   *Cooperation memorandum was signed by Treatment and Social Rehabilitation for Drug Dependence Division and Renovation and Mutual Assistance Association. RMMAM organizes ex-addict worker for DTCC. Treatment and Social Rehabilitaion for Drug Dependence Division provides vocational training and practical job for ex-addict workers. Cleaning and garden maintaining are the major jobs for these workers.

   *Treatment and Social Rehabilitation for Drug Dependence Division staffs were sent to Hong Kong for the participation of the International Training Program on Drug Treatment and Rehabilitation, which held by Narcotic Division and Social Welfare Department of Hong Kong.

   *A table tennis champion cup was held in November, clients and colleagues from varies treatment centers were invited.

   *3rd Workshop on HIV Surveillance and Epidemiology in the Pearl River Delta Region was held in Shenzhen, DTRD sent representatives to the meeting. Article about the epidemiology of varies infectious disease among drug addicts in Macau was presented by Mr. Hon Wai, the chief of Treatment and Social Rehabilitation for Drug Dependence Division.

   *A certificate course for treatment and rehabilitation of drug addicts was held from November to December. Course contained 10 individual modules including anti-drug abuse policy, treatment and rehabilitation approaches, associated infectious diseases, types of abused drug, basic counseling skill, relapse prevention, etc. This certificate course was mainly for workers of NGOs treatment centers.

   *Most of the goals for service commitment was achieved in 2002, new items and goals were renewed. New objective mainly aimed at reducing the waiting time for outpatient treatment, and goal of success was set to 95%.

4. Future prospect

        As some new programs and service were provided in 2002, operational procedures and practices, especially the inpatient treatment service, were under evaluated. DTRD's service keeps on improving. Clinical research would be an important part of the CDTC, data from physical checkup and inpatient observation would generate comprehensive understanding of the detoxification process, new medication method would be studied in the near future.>>>>>>>Research project, which aimed on treatment and rehabilitation programs for drug abuse, was completed in the late 2002, the final report and result was supposed to be published in the early 2003. Treatment practice will be analysis, improvement step would be planned according the result of the research to ensure the high effective services.

        In respect of assistance of NGOs, construction of Female center of Teen challenge would be finished in 2003. SWI will prepare fund and technical support for equipment, staffing, and operation. The re-construction of Male center of Teen challenge will be planned and evaluated in the mid 2003.

Research project, which aimed on treatment and rehabilitation programs for drug abuse, was completed in the late 2002, the final report and result was supposed to be published in the early 2003. Treatment practice will be analysis, improvement step would be planned according the result of the research to ensure the high effective services.